Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 2 March 2021

First Online: 30 March 2021

Declarations

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: Dr. Moulton co-invented the Compensatory Reserve Index algorithm used in this study. The intellectual property is assigned to the Regents of the University of Colorado. Dr. Moulton co-founded Flashback Technologies, Inc. in 2009 and licensed the technology from the University. He is a consultant at Flashback Technologies, has an equity interest in the company, and receives royalty payments through the University of Colorado. Flashback Technologies did not sponsor this study. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest. No grant funding was used to support this research. Institutional funding was provided by the Children’s Hospital Colorado Foundation, Children's Hospital Colorado Center for Research in Outcomes in Children's Surgery, and generous support from the Colorado Firefighter Calendar.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was evaluated and approved by the Colorado Multiple Institution Review Board (COMIRB), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.