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Authors
Takada, Shunya
Uchida, Hiroo
Hinoki, Akinari
Shirota, Chiyoe
Makita, Satoshi
Yasui, Akihiro
Takimoto, Aitaro
Kato, Daiki
Maeda, Takuya
Ishii, Hiroki
Asai, Hajime
Ota, Kazuki
Tainaka, Takahisa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nagoya University
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Article History
Received: 25 December 2025
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 3 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Board of Nagoya University (approval no. 2025-0021). Nagoya University served as the principal study institution responsible for data management and analysis. Anjo Kosei Hospital participated as an information-providing institution and provided de-identified clinical data in accordance with the approved study protocol and applicable institutional procedures. Given the retrospective design and use of anonymized data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived, and an opt-out approach was adopted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects in Japan.
: Not applicable.
