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Article History

Accepted: 21 December 2024

First Online: 7 January 2025

Declarations

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: The authors are accountable for all aspects of the work and assure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (revised in 2013). Ethical review and informed consent were waived for all patients due to the retrospective nature of this study. To safeguard patient privacy, stringent measures were taken at the data collection stage to handle personal information meticulously, retaining only non-sensitive information that was essential for research analysis and did not involve personal identification. Additionally, a comprehensive record of data access, extraction, and processing procedures was maintained to ensure traceability at every stage. For stored and transmitted data, strict access controls were implemented, with data access authorized exclusively for research personnel, thereby guaranteeing the confidentiality and security of the data. These measures were designed to maximize the protection of patient privacy while also ensuring the smooth progression of the research.

: The authors declare no competing interests.