Yao, Lu
Wu, Di
Liu, Jiefeng
Zhang, Xiaoyan
Zhang, Li
Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study received ethical approval from The Fourth Hospital of Changsha (No. CSSDSYY-YXLL-SC-2024-02-20). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained directly from all patients, with supplementary consent provided by family members to confirm awareness of the study in accordance with institutional ethics requirements.
: The authors declare no competing interests.