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Article History

Received: 4 August 2024

Accepted: 20 August 2024

First Online: 28 August 2024

Declarations

:

: S.B. reports research grants and lecture fees from Abbott and Edwards. S.B. is past president of the German Society for Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research. V.F. discloses consulting for Medtronic, Abbott, Edwards Lifesciences, Novartis, LivaNova, Biotronik, Boston Sc., Berlin Heart, Artivion, Zurich Heart and grants from Abbott, LivaNova, Medtronic, Edwards, Patent: United States Patent No. 6,468,265, “Performing cardiac surgery without cardioplegia”, United States Patent No. 6,398,726, “Stabilizer for robotic beating-heart surgery”, German Utility Patent No. 299 23 269.7, “Endoscopic pressure stabilizer”, United States Patent No. 08,0265, “Method of imaging for heart valve implant procedure”, European Patent No EP 12175533.4, “Method for Determining Contact Forces between a Deformable Implant and Surrounding Tissue”, European Patent No EP16158181.4–1651, “Biomedical Apparatus with a pressure regulated blood pump”, European Patent No EP15 17 7575.6, “Implantable pump system and methods for placing a pump system”, Deutsche Gebrauchsmuster Amt. AkZ: 20 2015 009 444, “Implantierbares Pumpsystem”. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.

: Our study adheres to the 2013 Helsinki Declaration. Multiple review boards on consensus guidelines have determined that using anonymized data from claims or national statistics retrospectively does not constitute human subject research, as de-identified datasets were utilised.

: All analyses were following the European Union General Data Privacy Regulation, considering the theoretical concept of k-anonymity. Thus, patient informed consent was not obtained for this retrospective secondary data analysis.