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Article History

Received: 27 January 2025

Accepted: 2 June 2025

First Online: 24 June 2025

Declarations

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: Dr. Nikorowitsch has no disclosures to declare. Mr Uectas has no disclosures to declare. Mrs. Borof has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Metzner received consultant fees from Medtronic, Biosense Webster, Boston Scientific and lecture honoraria from Medtronic, Biosense Webster, Boston Scientific, Lifetech, Bayer, Bristol-Meyer-Squibb, Philips-EPD. Dr. Wenzel has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Winkelmann has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Pecha has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Yildirim has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Kirchhof receives research support for basic, translational, and clinical research projects from European Union, British Heart Foundation, Leducq Foundation, Medical Research Council (UK), and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, from several drug and device companies active in atrial fibrillation an device therapy and has received honoraria from several such companies in the past, but not in the last 5 years (unrelated to the submitted work). Dr. Kirchhof is listed as inventor on two patents held by University of Birmingham (Atrial Fibrillation Therapy WO 2015140571, Markers for Atrial Fibrillation WO 2016012783). Dr. Tönnis received speaker fees from Medtronic and is consultant for Boston Scientific and Medtronic. Dr. Reichenspurner has no disclosures to declare. Dr. Becher received an educational grant from Biotronik and speaker fees from Medtronic and Abbott, all outside this submitted work.