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Article History

Received: 8 April 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 4 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to the commencement of this study, the research protocol received the ethical approval of the institutional review board at the Medical Faculty of the Technical University of Dresden, Germany, under reference number EK 4761120166.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Not applicable.

: Klaus G. Parhofer has received research funding and honoraria for consultancy and/or speaker’s bureaus and/or Data Monitoring Committee activity from Akcea, Amarin, Amgen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Dr. Schär, Daiichi Sankyo, Ionis, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Silence Therapeutics. Ulrich Laufs: Leipzig University has received research funding from Amgen, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis. UL has received honoraria from Amarin, Amgen, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis, Sanofi, Synlab. Andreas L. Birkenfeld: none reported. Uwe Fraass: full-time employee of Amgen GmbH, Germany. Bernd Hohenstein: none reported. Carsten Siegert: full-time employee of Amgen GmbH, Germany. Jens Klotsche: none reported. Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen: none reported. David Pittrow: received consultancy fees from Amgen, Aspen, Biogen, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sandoz/Novartis, Viatris, MSD. Stefan Dexl: full-time employee of Amgen GmbH, Germany. Volker J.J. Schettler: received consultancy fees and/or speaker’s bureaus and/or Data Monitoring Committee activity from Amgen GmbH, Daiichi Sankyo GmbH, Novartis GmbH, Sanofi-Aventis GmbH.