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Authors
von zur Mühlen, Constantin
Valina, Christian
Vagner, Laura
Mack, Lara
Asmussen, Alexander
Lindau, Alexandra
Ruile, Philipp
Hein, Manuel
Moser, Martin
Stachon, Peter
Kaier, Klaus
Hartikainen, Tau
Maier, Alexander
Jäckel, Markus
Czerny, Martin
Westermann, Dirk
Oettinger, Vera
Rilinger, Jonathan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-3629
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shockwave Medical
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
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Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the University of Freiburg (EK-Freiburg 22–1453-S1; 21–1358). All prospective patients signed written informed consent. Written informed consent for retrospective patients was waived by the ethics committee. The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00029242 and DRKS00034681).
: Not applicable.
: JR received speaker’s honoraria from AstraZeneca and research grants from Abbott and Philips, independent from this work. TH received speaker’s honoraria from AstraZeneca, Amgen and Novartis and travel fees from Boston Scientific, Philips and Novartis.
