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Authors
Waldschmidt, Lara https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2129-7145
Pauschinger, Christoph
Koell, Benedikt
Doering, Jana
Schirmer, Johannes
Pecha, Simon
Ludwig, Sebastian
Weimann, Jessica
Steinhoff, Leona
Plewe, Lydia
Schaefer, Andreas
Reichenspurner, Hermann
Blankenberg, Stefan
Schofer, Niklas
Kalbacher, Daniel
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE)
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Declarations
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: L. Waldschmidt has received personal fees from Abbott Medical, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic Inc. and AstraZeneca. B. Koell has received personal fees from Abbott and Edwards LifeSciences. S. Pecha has received speaker honoraria and consulting fees from Philips, Atricure and Medtronic. S. Ludwig has received research grants from the German Heart Foundation (DHS) and 4 C Medical, travel compensation from Edwards LifeSciences and Shockwave Inc., speaker honoraria from Abbott, and advisory fees from Bayer. A. Schaefer received speaker honoraria from Abbott and is a proctor for Abbott. H. Reichenspurner has received speaker honoraria from Johnson & Johnson and serves as a member of the Medtronic advisory board. N. Schofer received speaking honoraria, proctor fees and travel support from Edwards Lifesciences, speaking honoraria and travel support from Abbott and Boston Scientific as well as speaking honoraria from Medtronic and HighLife SAS. D. Kalbacher has received personal fees from Abbott Medical, Edwards Lifesciences, Pi-Cardia Ltd. and Medtronic Inc. All reported honoraria and travel compensation are outside the submitted work. All other authors report no conflict of interest.
