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Authors
Aktemur Oezalp, Tugba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5578-432X
Ukita, Kohei https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5575-4208
Riemer, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6284-8021
Senges, Jochen https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3547-2126
Brachmann, Johannes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9221-9856
Lewalter, Thorsten https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4056-6696
Deneke, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-1684
Doll, Nicolas https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9621-7622
Eckardt, Lars https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3735-8503
Steven, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6839-5895
Akin, Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-6147
Tilz, Roland Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0122-7130
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Herzstiftung
Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein - Campus Lübeck
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Article History
Received: 13 February 2026
Accepted: 5 April 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
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: TAO: Congress and travel sponsoring from EHRA outside the submitted work. KU: none. TR: none. JS: none. JB: none. TL: none. TD: none. ND: none. LE: Consultant fees, speaking honoraria, and travel expenses from Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare, Biosense Webster, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Medtronic, Pfizer, and Sanofi Aventis. Research has been supported by German Research Foundation (DFG) and German Heart Foundation outside the submitted work. DS: none. IA: Speaker (Boston, Daiichi, Medtronic, Astra Zeneca). RRT: Speaker (Pfizer, Abbott, Biosense Webster, Boston Scientific, Doctrina Med, cme4u, Medtronic, Radcliffe, Wikonect), consulting/advisory (Boston Scientific, Biosense Webster, Capvision, Guidepoint, Haemonetics, Medtronic, Philips, Abbott), institutional research (Biotronik, Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Lifetech, J&J), travel (Biosense Webster, Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Philips).
: During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT in order to improve language. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.
