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Article History

Received: 9 March 2026

Accepted: 17 April 2026

First Online: 28 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013). Given its retrospective, trial-level nature based on anonymized published data, no institutional ethical approval or informed consent was required.

: S.C. reports consulting fees from SIS Medical, lecture fees from Abiomed, Astra Zeneca, SIS Medical and Teleflex, and financial support for attending meetings or travel expenses from SIS Medical, not related to the current work. F.S. reports lecture fees from Translumina GmbH, not related to the current work. H.A.A.C received lecture fees from SIS Medical AG, LifeTech and Edward Lifesciences, proctor fees from LifeTech and financial support for attending meetings or travel expenses from Abbott Vascular and LifeTech, not related to the current work. T.R. received lecture fees from SIS Medical AG and AstraZeneca, not related to the current work. F.V. reports speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Abbott and Translumina and a research grant from Bentley. M.J. reports personal fees from Abbott, personal fees from Alchimedics S.A.S., personal fees from Astra Zeneca, personal fees from Biotronik, grants and personal fees from Boston Scientific, grants and personal fees from Edwards, personal fees from Medtronic, personal fees from Recor, personal fees from TriCares, personal fees from Veryan, outside the submitted work. E.X. reports consulting services for Edwards Lifesciences, lecture fees and honoraria from AstraZeneca, Boston Scientific, SIS Medical and Translumina not related to the current work; proctor fees from Abbott Vascular and financial support for attending meetings and/or travel expenses from Abbott Vascular and SIS Medical. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.