Gao, Yaqing
Wang, Yinping
Zou, Siyu
Mi, Xiaoyi
Kc, Ashish
Zhou, Hong
Article History
Received: 7 July 2020
Accepted: 13 January 2021
First Online: 1 February 2021
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
: Procedures and questionnaires for Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) have been reviewed and approved by ICF Institutional Review Board (IRB). Additionally, country-specific DHS survey protocols are reviewed by the ICF IRB and typically by an IRB in the host country. ICF IRB ensures that the survey complies with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services regulations for the protection of human subjects (45 CFR 46), while the host country IRB ensures that the survey complies with laws and norms of the nation.
: In the DHS Program, before each interview or biomarker test is conducted, an informed consent statement is read to the respondent, who may accept or decline to participate. A parent or guardian must provide consent prior to participation by a child or adolescent.
: The DHS Program is authorized to distribute datasets for legitimate academic research.