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Authors
Lin, Xiao-Lu
Song, Yi-Ming
Huang, Xiao-Jie
Zhang, Qing-Wei
Yang, Shi-Jie
Yang, Liu-Yi
Li, Zhao
Chen, Gui-Fen
Li, Ze-Yu
Liu, Qing-Ran
Ji, Zhong-ge
Zhai, Si-Jia
Zeng, Rui-Tian
Xiao, Yu-Fei
Han, Rui-Jie
Yang, Yu-Xin
Chen, Jing-Jing
Liang, Wei
Li, Xiao-Bo
Deng, Wan-Yin
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Article History
Received: 15 March 2025
Accepted: 20 December 2025
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: This study used data derived from the publicly accessible GBD 2021 database. The University of Washington Institutional Review Board granted a waiver of informed consent for GBD studies, as the study relied solely on publicly available data, with no involvement of confidential or personally identifiable information. Therefore, ethical approval was not required.
