Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Hernandez-Perez, Irene https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2440-036X
Escribano, Joaquin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5041-459X
Grote, Veit https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-2385
Koletzko, Berthold https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-7165
Gispert-Llauradó, Mariona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-8079
Alcázar, Mireia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9813-4645
Verduci, Elvira https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-3111
Gruszfeld, Dariusz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2414-4928
Etienne, Louise
Luque, Veronica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-8175
Demmelmair, H.
Handel, U.
Pawellek, I.
Schiess, S.
Verwied-Jorky, S.
Weber, M.
Closa-Monasterolo, R.
Gispert-Llauradó, M.
Rubio-Torrents, C.
Zaragoza-Jordana, M.
Dobrzańska, A.
Gruszfeld, D.
Janas, R.
Wierzbicka, A.
Socha, P.
Stolarczyk, A.
Van Hees, J. N.
Hoyos, J.
Langhendries, J. P.
Martin, F.
Poncelet, P.
Xhonneux, A.
Agostoni, C.
Giovannini, M.
Scaglioni, S.
Vecchi, F.
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 18 December 2025
Accepted: 22 February 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was submitted to and approved by the local ethical committees of each hospital/ study centre (Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, the Children’s Memorial Health Institute Warsaw, the Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, the Medical Faculty – University of Milan, the CHC Liège and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola). The study was carried out in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Parents or caregivers received written information about the project and signed the consent for their child to participate in the study.
