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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 7 October 2025

First Online: 30 October 2025

Declarations

:

: J. Kuschyk is a consultant for Impulse Dynamics, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and Abbott. J. Butler is a consultant for Abbott, Adaptyx, American Regent, Amgen, AskBio, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardiac Dimension, Cardior, CSL Vifor, CVRx, Cytokinetics, Daxor, Diastol, Edwards, Element Sciences, Faraday, Idorsia, Impulse Dynamics, Imbria, Innolife, Intellia, Inventiva, Levator, Lexicon, Eli Lilly, Mankind, Medtronic, Merck, New Amsterdam, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Pharmain, Prolaio, Pulnovo, Regeneron, Renibus, Reprieve, Roche, Rycarma, Saillent, Salamandra, Salubris, SC Pharma, SQ Innovation, Secretome, Sequanna, Transmural, TekkunLev, Tenex, Tricog, Ultromic, Vera, Zoll, and others. T. Fendler is a consultant for Impulse Dynamics. N. Varma is a consultant for Impulse Dynamics, Abbott, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic.

: For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.