Slocum, Cheyanne C.
Nguyen, Phuong
Vij, Meenakshi
Yong, Raymund L.
Samanamud, Jorge
Hiya, Satomi
Maldonado-Díaz, Carolina
Umphlett, Melissa
Silva-Hurtado, Thenzing J.
Hatanpaa, Kimmo J.
Viapiano, Mariano S.
Snuderl, Matija
Abdullah, Kalil G.
McBrayer, Samuel K.
Hambardzumyan, Dolores
Walker, Jamie M.
Tsankova, Nadejda M.
Richardson, Timothy E.
Article History
Received: 25 July 2025
Revised: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 17 August 2025
First Online: 19 August 2025
Declarations
:
: T.E.R. has received consulting fees from Servier Pharmaceuticals, which is unrelated to the current work. S.K.M. receives research funding from Servier Pharmaceuticals. S.K.M. and K.G.A. have intellectual property interests related to brain tumor metabolism and are co-founders of Gliomet. The results presented in this paper have not been published previously except in abstract form at the 101st American Association of Neuropathologists in 2025. The authors declare that they have no additional competing interests, conflicts of interest, or other relevant disclosures.
: All tissue samples were obtained under approved Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocols and appropriate consent at the institutions of origin.