Hill, Elizabeth
Patel, Mitali M.
Ribes, Juan M.
Linehan, Jacqueline
Zhang, Fuquan
Jakubcova, Tatiana
Hamdan, Shyma
Tomlinson, Andrew
Ercolani, Tiziana
Schmidt, Christian
Ahmed, Parvin
Thirlway, George
Argentina, Fabio
Marinho, Aline T.
Jones, Emma
Kaye, Nicholas
Fitzhugh, Craig
Jackson, Graham S.
Brandner, Sebastian
Klöhn, Peter-Christian
Collinge, John
Cunningham, Thomas J.
Mead, Simon
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council
National Institute for Health and Care Research
Article History
Received: 2 August 2025
Revised: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Change Date: 30 March 2026
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised due to given names of the authors Mitali M. Patel and Peter-Christian Klöhn was incorrectly published as Mitali Patel and Peter Kloehn. Now, the author names has been corrected.
Change Date: 30 March 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-026-03003-8
Declarations
:
: J.C. is the director of D-Gen, Ltd., an academic spin-out company working in the field of prion disease diagnosis, decontamination, and therapeutics. J.C. and G.S.J. are shareholders of D-Gen. D-Gen supplied the ICSM35 antibody used for PrP immunohistochemistry and ICSM18 antibody used for cell experiments. The other authors declare no competing interests.