Lourenco, Guinevere F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-2949
Torres-Pacheco, Maria Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-8420
Fu, YuHong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-2039
Li, Hongyun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-3132
McCann, Heather https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-8969
Shepherd, Claire E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-3218
Kril, Jillian J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9407-8674
Halliday, Glenda M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-8398
Funding for this research was provided by:
Neuroscience Research Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council (1132524, 1095127, 1176607)
Article History
Received: 21 August 2025
Revised: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Declarations
:
: GFL, MET-P, HL, HMcC, and JJK have no competing interests. YF has received research grant funding from the University of Sydney-Fudan University BISA Flagship Research Program. CES has received research grant funding from the Profield, Minderoo and Michael J Fox (MJFF-023825) Foundations, and is a member of the editorial board for Frontiers in Neurology. GMH has received research grant funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (1095127, 1132524, 1176607, 1191407, 2034292), Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP-000497, ASAP-020505, ASAP-020529, ASAP-025184), Michael J Fox Foundation (MJFF-021120, MJFF-023703, MJFF-024074), and National Institutes of Health USA (5RO1NS109209-02, 1RO1NS123142-01A1), research support from the University of Sydney, Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s, Gordon Conferences, and the International Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders Society, and is a member of the editorial boards for Science Advances, Neurobiology of Disease, Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal of Parkinson’s Disease and Acta Neuropathologica.
: All brains used in this study were collected by the Sydney Brain Bank following informed consent. The study was approved by the University of Sydney’s Human Research Ethics Committee (2018/HE000128).