Lim, Perry L.
Sauder, Nicholas
Peterson, Shian L.
Melnic, Christopher M.
Bedair, Hany S.
Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 7 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Author Lim PL and Sauder N have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Author Peterson SL discloses being a member of the American Orthopaedic Association Critical Issues and Education Program Committee (AOA CIEP) as a DEI Liaison. Author Melnic CM is a speaker and paid consultant for Smith & Nephew and receives research support from Zimmer Biomet. Author Bedair HS receives royalties from and is a paid consultant for Exactech and Smith & Nephew, has stock options in DEF Medical and Osteon Holdings, receives research support from Zimmer Biomet, and receives royalties from Wolters Kluwer, Smith & Nephew and Exactech. These conflicts of interest are stated here but are unrelated to the present study.