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Authors
Marwieser, Sarah Franziska
Vavricka, Stella https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6612-1801
Kaiser, Peter
Schmidle, Gernot
Lindtner, Richard Andreas
Arora, Rohit
Konschake, Marko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2026
Accepted: 4 April 2026
First Online: 2 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests relevant to the content of this article.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee (Nr. 1404/2022).
: Due to the retrospective study design and the use of anonymized routinely collected clinical data, informed consent was not required. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee (Nr. 1404/2022).
: Not applicable (retrospective observational study).
: Artificial intelligence (AI) was used in the preparation of this manuscript solely to improve clarity and language. Specifically, the GPT-4 language model by OpenAI was used to assist in refining the text, enhancing readability, and ensuring grammatical accuracy. AI was not used for study design, data collection, data analysis, or interpretation.
