Chen, Ming
Liu, Xiang
Chen, Dayi
Li, Xiaojing
Du, Haoyuan
Sun, Yulong
Wang, Hua
Article History
Received: 1 March 2026
Accepted: 16 May 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the material presented in this manuscript.
Ethical approval: This in vitro biomechanical study utilized commercially sourced porcine dermal tissue obtained from a standard commercial abattoir. The experimental protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Shenzhen People’s Hospital (Approval No. AUP-250708-WH-0670-01). No live animals were utilized or sacrificed specifically for the purposes of this research.
Informed consent: Not applicable.