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Article History

Received: 8 July 2025

Revised: 12 November 2025

Accepted: 24 November 2025

First Online: 6 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Dr. Pandya reports the following relationships and compensation: VYNE Therapeutics Consultant (Honoraria), WCG Consultant (Honoraria), Boehringer Ingelheim Consultant (Honoraria), AbbVie Consultant (Honoraria), Avita Consultant (Honoraria) and investigator (Grant), Villaris Therapeutics, Inc Consultant (Honoraria), Vimela Consultant (Honoraria), Incyte Corporation Consultant (Honoraria) and investigator (Grant), Pfizer Inc. Consultant (Honoraria), Tara Medical Devices (Shareholder), Clinuvel investigator (Grant), Sun Consultant (Honoraria).Dr. Agbai reports the following relationships and compensation: AbbVie Speaker (Honoraria), UpToDate Independent Contractor (Honoraria), Dove/Unilever Consultant, 1099 relationship (Fees), VisualDx Advisory Board (Fees), Sytheon Investigator (No Compensation), Rom Technologies Consultant (Stock).Dr. Amerson and Maria Elena Sanchez-Anguiano declare no competing interests.

: This study was reviewed by the UCSF Institutional Review Board and the UC Davis Institutional Review Board and classified as exempt under protocol #20-33109 and protocol #2145033-1, respectively. All experimental protocols were approved by both Institutional Review Boards.

: was not obtained, since no identifiable data were used in the study.

: Not applicable.