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Authors
Liu, Xiangrong
Zhang, Xiumin
Wang, Dianhui
Zhou, Jing
Li, Yu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Hospital Cultivation Fund project of Shandong University Second Hospital (2023HL05)
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Article History
Received: 6 April 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 23 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The institutional cultivation fund project was approved under the ethics approval number KYLL-2022-575. Since this study includes a subset of a cross-sectional study, a separate ethics approval was obtained for the cross-sectional study with the approval number KYLL2024LW032.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.
