Bale, Claudia A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8430-7066
Pearce, Janina V.
Deng, Xiaoyan
Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar
Yarden, Nophar
Sport, Catherine
Miller, Devin T.
Randall, Leslie M.
Fields, Emma
Sullivan, Stephanie A.
Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 18 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was performed at a single-site urban, safety net, tertiary referral institution with National Cancer Institute (NCI) designation following public registration of the investigation (researchregistry10267) and institutional review board approval (IRB HM20024055).
: This study was conducted as a retrospective review of existing medical records following institutional review board approval (IRB HM20024055). As a retrospective chart review study that involved no direct patient contact and minimal risk to subjects, a waiver of informed consent was granted by the IRB in accordance with institutional policies. All patient data were de-identified during analysis and reporting to protect patient privacy, with no identifying information included in the manuscript. No images of patients were used in this publication.