Quinn, Dervla
Donnelly, Michael
Kane, Joseph P. M.
Kent, Lisa
O’Neill, Ciaran
Article History
Received: 5 March 2026
Accepted: 19 April 2026
First Online: 2 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study used de-identified data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Data were obtained in accordance with the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Data Use Agreement, and results were reported in accordance with HCUP reporting guidelines.