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Authors
Do, Hyun Seok
Lee, Jakyung
Yu, Hyeona
Lee, Chan Woo
Hur, Hyun Jung
Lim, Jongwook
Kang, Hyo Shin
Park, Jungkyu
Ha, Tae Hyon
Myung, Woojae
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Seoul National University Hospital
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Article History
Received: 28 February 2025
Accepted: 13 June 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
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: The requirement for patient consent was waived because the data were collected through a chart review. Consent for the comparison group was also waived because the researchers did not have direct access to the participants’ personal information and used anonymized survey data for analysis. Similarly, consent for the control group was waived because the survey data were collected by an online survey company, and the researchers had no access to individual participant information.
: This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National Bundang Hospital (approval no. B-2205-756-111; initial approval date for clinical data collection: 2022-05-02; additional amendment for non-clinical participants recruitment: 2024-10-25).
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
