Cao, Yuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-7654
Lizano, Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-6697
Garza, Alejandra P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2993-7679
Dunay, Ildiko Rita https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-8605
Zhou, Xiaoqin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-9159
Reuken, Philipp A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-475X
Stallmach, Andreas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6101-5244
Walter, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7857-4483
Li, Meng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-5241
Besteher, Bianca https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-9298
Funding for this research was provided by:
the DZPG (FKZ: 01EE2103)
Project of High-level Teachers in Beijing Municipal Universities in the Period of 13th Five-year Plan (none)
National Institute of Health grants (K23MH122701)
Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
:
: MW is a member of the advisory boards and gave presentations for the following companies: Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany; Bayer AG, Germany; and Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbH, Germany. MW has further conducted studies with institutional research support from HEEL and from Janssen Pharmaceutical Research for a clinical trial (IIT) on ketamine in patients with major depression unrelated to this investigation. BB is currently conducting a study of supplementation treatment with creatine monohydrate and support from AlzChem Group in a different set of Post-COVID patients unrelated to this investigation. All other authors report no conflict of interest.