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Article History

Received: 19 September 2025

Accepted: 8 March 2026

First Online: 8 May 2026

Declarations

:

: FP is a member of the European Scientific Advisory Board of Brainsway Inc., Jerusalem, Israel, and the International Scientific Advisory Board of Sooma, Helsinki, Finland. He has received speaker’s honoraria from Mag&More GmbH and the neuroCare Group. His lab has received support with equipment from neuroConn GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany, and Mag&More GmbH and Brainsway Inc., Jerusalem, Israel. RM has received financial research support from the EU (H2020 No. 754740) and served as PI in clinical trials from Abide Therapeutics, Böhringer-Ingelheim, Emalex Biosciences, Lundbeck GmbH, Nuvelution TS Pharma Inc., Oryzon, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals and Therapix Biosciences. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

: This study was part of an ongoing naturalistic study of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (German Clinical Trial Register ID: DRKS00019821) which was approved by the local ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich (EK-No. 713 − 15). The study was designed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 as well as its subsequent amendments. All methods followed the German Psychological Society’s ethical guidelines, a German adaptation of the “Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct” of the American Psychiatric Association.

: All participants gave written informed consent.

: All participants gave written informed consent regarding publishing.