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Article History

Received: 13 October 2017

Revised: 17 January 2018

Accepted: 18 January 2018

First Online: 5 February 2018

Compliance with ethical standards

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: Dr. Solaro served on advisory boards of the following companies: Biogen Idec, Merck Serono. He received speaking honoraria from Bayer Schering, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Almirall, Teva, Genzyme. He received research grants and support from the Italian MS Society Research Foundation (Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla). Dr. Signori reported no disclosures. Dr. Martinelli reported no disclosures. Dr. Radaelli reported no disclosures. Dr. Centonze acted as an Advisory Board member of, and received funding for travelling and honoraria for speaking or consultation fees from Merck-Serono, Teva, Genzyme, Bayer Schering, Biogen Idec, Novartis, Almirall, GW Pharmaceuticals. He is the principal investigator in clinical trials for Novartis, Merck Serono, Teva, Bayer Schering, Sanofi-aventis, Biogen Idec, Roche. Dr. Grasso received research grants and support from the Italian MS Society Research Foundation (Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla). Dr. Clemenzi reported no disclosures. Dr. Bonavita received honoraria for advisory board and speaking activities from Biogen-Idec, Merck Serono, Teva and Novartis. Dr. D’Ambrosio reported no disclosures. Dr. Patti: received honoraria for advisory board and speaking activities from Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme and TEVA; he also received research grants from FISM and MIUR. Dr. D’Amico: reported no disclosures. Dr. Cruccu received honoraria for advisory board and speaking activities from Angelini, Biogen, Convergence, Mundipharma e Sigma Tau. Dr. Truini: received research funding, lecture honoraria and acted as speaker or consultant for Mundipharma, Pfizer, Grünenthal, Angelini Pharma, Sigma Tau.