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Article History

Received: 22 September 2022

Revised: 6 October 2022

Accepted: 9 October 2022

First Online: 15 October 2022

Declarations

:

: M. Leocadi, C. Cividini, G. Cecchetti, T. Russo, G. Magnani, C. Celico, R. Cardamone and V. Barcella report no actual or potential conflicts of interest. Dr. E. Canu has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health. F. Agosta is Section Editor of NeuroImage: Clinical; has received speaker honoraria from Biogen Idec, Roche and Zambon; and receives or has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health, AriSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA), and the European Research Council. M. Filippi is Editor-in-Chief of the <i>Journal of Neurology</i>, Associate Editor of <i>Human Brain Mapping</i>, <i>Neurological Sciences,</i> and <i>Radiology</i>; received compensation for consulting services from Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi; speaking activities from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA; participation in Advisory Boards for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Takeda; scientific direction of educational events for Biogen, Merck, Roche, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Italian Ministry of Health, Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, and ARiSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA).

: The local ethical standards committee on human experimentation approved the study protocol and all participants provided written informed consent prior to be included in the present study.