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Article History

Received: 3 November 2023

Revised: 31 January 2024

Accepted: 10 February 2024

First Online: 12 March 2024

Declarations

:

: R Geraldes reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. M Santos reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. C Ponte reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. A Craven reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. L Barra reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. JC Robson reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. N Hammam reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. J Springer no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. J Henes reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. A Hocevar reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. J Putaala reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. E Santos reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. L Rajasekhar reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. T Daikeler reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. O Karadag reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. A Costa reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. N Khalidi reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. C Pagnoux reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. P Canhão reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript Teresa. P. Melo reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript A C. Fonseca reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. J M. Ferro reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. J E. Fonseca reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. R Suppiah reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. R A. Watts reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. P Grayson reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. P A. Merkel reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. R A. Luqmani reports no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. R Watts disclosures: Editor in Chief Oxford Medical Case Reports—since 2012; Data monitoring committees; Chair DMEC for the BIOVASS trial funded by NIHR; Chair trial steering committee Combivas trial funded MRC and GSK; Royalties Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology Editor 4th edition published 2014.

: All human and animal studies have been approved by the appropriate ethics committee and have therefore been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. It should also be stated clearly in the text that all persons gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.