Wolf, Elisabeth http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5845-7438
Wicklein, Rebecca http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-6081
Aly, Lilian http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-124X
Schmaderer, Christoph http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-2190
Afzali, Ali Maisam http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-5298
Mardin, Christian http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3605-5906
Korn, Thomas http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-0955
Hemmer, Bernhard http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-6784
Hofauer, Benedikt http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3126-2877
Knier, Benjamin http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-9472
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SyNergy, ID 390857198, 210592381, 213904703, 408885537, 490846870, 435874434, 390857198, SyNergy—ID 390857198, 528297171)
Faculty of Medicine, Munich University of Technology (KKF, KKF)
Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung (medMS program)
H2020 European Research Council (grant MultipleMS, EU RIA 733161, grant WISDOM)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (CLINSPECT-M, DIFUTURE (Data Integration for Future Medicine, BMBF 01ZZ1804[A-I]))
Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (Else Kröner-Fresenius Exzellenzstipendium)
Technische Universität München
Article History
Received: 17 January 2024
Revised: 18 April 2024
Accepted: 28 April 2024
First Online: 14 May 2024
Declarations
:
: Elisabeth Wolf has no conflicts of interest. Rebecca Wicklein received a poster award from Novartis. Lilian Aly received a research grant and poster award by Novartis, travel grants by Novartis, Sanofi and Horizon therapeutics and honoraria by Novartis and Hexal. Christoph Schmaderer received travel support and speaking honoraria from Amgen and Alexion. He serves on advisory boards for Astra Zeneca and Alexion. None is in relation to this work. Ali Maisam Afzali has no conflicts of interest. Christian Mardin acted as advisor to Heidelberg Engineering. Thomas Korn has no conflicts of interest. Bernhard Hemmer has no conflicts of interest related to this study, but has served on scientific advisory boards for Novartis; he has served as DMSC member for AllergyCare, Sandoz, Polpharma, Biocon and TG therapeutics; he or his institution have received speaker honoraria from Desitin; his institution received research grants from Regeneron and Roche for multiple sclerosis research. He has received honoraria from GLG consulting. He holds part of two patents; one for the detection of antibodies against KIR4.1 in a subpopulation of patients with multiple sclerosis and one for genetic determinants of neutralizing antibodies to interferon. All conflicts are not relevant to the topic of the study. Benedikt Hofauer has no conflicts of interest. Benjamin Knier received travel support and speaking honoraria from Novartis Deutschland GmbH, Teva Deutschland, Merck, and Heidelberg Engineering and served at the advisory board of Merck. He received a research grant from Novartis.