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Article History

Received: 20 May 2024

Revised: 27 June 2024

Accepted: 27 June 2024

First Online: 11 July 2024

Declarations

:

: V. Viti: nothing to disclose. C. Zanetta received compensation for speaking activities, and/or consulting services, from Alexion, Astrazeneca, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi. R. Capra has received compensation for speaking activities, and/or consulting services, from Biogen, Novartis, Roche, Celgene, BMS, Alexion, Merck. A. Municchi: nothing to disclose. M.A. Rocca received consulting fees and speaker honoraria from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, AstraZaneca, Bromatech, Celgene, Genzyme, Horizon Therapeutics Italy, Merck Serono SpA, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi and Teva. She receives research support from the MS Society of Canada, the Italian Ministry of Health, and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla. She is Associate Editor for Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. M. Filippi is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology, Associate Editor of Human Brain Mapping, Neurological Sciences, and Radiology; received compensation for consulting services, direction of educational events, participation on Advisory Boards and/or speaking activities from Alexion, Almiral, Bayer, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi,Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Takeda, and TEVA; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, the Italian Ministry of Health and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla.

: The present study was conducted in accordance to the Helsinki Declaration (Fortaleza revision, 2013) and with European and Italian regulations about privacy. Patient gave informed consent to study inclusion and to publication of the case report.