Updates are available Correction dated 2025-03-08

Article History

Received: 29 May 2024

Revised: 1 July 2024

Accepted: 4 July 2024

First Online: 14 August 2024

Change Date: 8 March 2025

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-025-12952-1

Declarations

:

: JD reports speaker honoraria from Biogen Inc.. SP received honoraria as a speaker/consultant from Biogen GmbH, Roche, Novartis, Teva, Cytokinetics Inc., Desitin, Italfarmaco, Zambon, Amylyx; and grants from DGM e.V, Federal Ministry of Education and Research, German Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development, EU Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Neurodegenerative Disease Research (NDR) outside the submitted work. TM is on the advisory board of Biogen and has received consulting fees from Biogen. TM is co-founder and shareholder of the Ambulanzpartner Soziotechnologie APST GmbH, which received a research grant from Biogen. PK reports participation on Advisory Boards of Biogen. HT reports grants or contracts from Sanofi Genzyme, German Multiple Sclerosis Society (DMSG), AMSEL Ursula-Späth-Stiftung, Bayern-DMSG, Deutsche MS-Stiftung, Ministry of Science, Research and Arts of the State Baden-Württemberg (MWK-BW), Chemische Fabrik Karl Bucher. HT received consulting fees from Merck, Novartis, Roche and received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Alexion, Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, GSK, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Siemens, TEVA, Viatris. HT reports support for attending meetings and/or travel from Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme. He reports leadership or fiduciary role in DGLN, DMSG and AMSEL. ACL is a member of Advisory Boards of Roche Pharma AG, Biogen, Alector and Amylyx. He received compensation for talks from Biologix, the German Society of Neurology, Biogen, Springer Medicine, Amylyx and the company Streamed Up! GmbH. He is involved in trials which are sponsored by Amylyx, Ferrer International, Novartis Research and Development, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Alexion, Orion Pharma, the European Union, BMBF, Biogen and Orphazyme, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, QurAlis and Alector.

: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Ulm (application number 19/12) and has therefore been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. All patients provided written informed consent prior to analysis of clinical data and biosamples.