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Authors
Cacciaguerra, Laura https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-2410
Sechi, Elia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-663X
Komla-Soukha, Isabelle https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2302-7970
Chen, John J.
Smith, Carin Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-6945
Jenkins, Sarah M.
Guo, Kai
Redenbaugh, Vyanka https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-7760
Fryer, James P.
Tillema, Jan-Mendelt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-8913
Vorasoot, Nisa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-8967
Tisavipat, Nanthaya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-6450
Thakolwiboon, Smathorn https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0607-904X
Dubey, Divyanshu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-9045
Zekeridou, Anastasia
McKeon, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6856-8143
Tobin, W. Oliver https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-2394
Kantarci, Orhun H.
Keegan, B. Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-935X
Tajfirouz, Deena A.
Chodnicki, Kevin D.
Mandrekar, Jay
Lucchinetti, Claudia F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-1196
Lopez-Chiriboga, Sebastian A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5653-5600
Nathoo, Nabeela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-1146
Joseph, Nycole K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2860-6314
Devine, Michelle F.
Sagen, Jessica A.
Pittock, Sean J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-5584
Cabre, Philippe
Flanagan, Eoin P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2910
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS113828)
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2024
Revised: 4 December 2024
Accepted: 8 December 2024
First Online: 15 January 2025
Declarations
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: Laura Cacciaguerra received speaker and consultant honoraria from ACCMED, Roche, BMS, Celgene, and Sanofi and travel support for conferences from Merck-Serono. She serves as Review Editor for Brain Health and Clinical Neuroscience (section of Frontiers in Human Neuroscience) and Clinical Neuroimaging (section of Frontiers in Neuroimaging). Elia Sechi received speaker honoraria and/or support for attending scientific meetings from Alexion, Horizon, Novartis, Roche and UCB. He serves as an editorial board member for BMC Neurology and Frontiers in Neurology. Dr. Sechi is a member of the medical advisory board of the MOG project. Isabelle Komla-Soukha reports no disclosures. John J. Chen reports payment for consultation from UCB and Horizon. Carin Y. Smith reports no disclosures. Sarah M. Jenkins reports no disclosures. Kai Guo reports no disclosures. Vyanka Redenbaugh reports no disclosures. James P. Fryer reports no disclosures. Jan-Mendelt Tillema is Associate Editor for Journal of Child Neurology. Nisa Vorasoot reports no disclosures. Nanthaya Tisavipat reports no disclosures. Smathorn Thakolwiboon reports no disclosures. Divyanshu Dubey has consulted for UCB, Immunovant, Argenx, Arialys, and Astellas pharmaceuticals. All compensation for consulting activities is paid directly to Mayo Clinic. He has patents pending for KLHL11, LUZP4-IgG, SKOR2-IgG, and cavin-4-IgG as markers of neurologic autoimmunity. Dr. Dubey has received funding from the DOD (CA210208, PR220430). Anastasia Zekeridou has patents submitted for DACH1-IgG, PDE0A-IgG, CAMKV-IgG and Tenascin-R-IgG as biomarkers of paraneoplastic neurological autoimmunity; receives research funding from Roche not relevant to this manuscript and consulted for Alexion Pharmaceuticals without personal compensation. Andrew McKeon reported grants from the NIH (Grants RO1NS126227 and U01NS120901) during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Janssen and Roche (all paid to Mayo Clinic) outside the submitted work; and had a patent for MAP1B antibody issued, a patent for Septins 5, 7, GFAP, PDE10A, KLHL11 antibodies pending, a patent for Septin antibodies and MAP1B antibodies with royalties paid. W. Oliver Tobin has received grants from the National Institutes of Health, and book royalties from the publication of Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology (Mayo Clinic Scientific Press) 2022. Orhun H. Kantarci reports no disclosures. B. Mark Keegan served as a consultant to EMD Serono, is a member of the Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Research Mayo Clinic, receives publishing royalties for Common Pitfalls in Multiple Sclerosis and CNS Demyelinating Diseases, and is an Editorial Board member of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. Deena A. Tajfirouz reports no disclosures. Kevin D. Chodnicki reports no disclosures. Jay Mandrekar reports no disclosures. Claudia F. Lucchinetti accrue revenue for a patent (no. 7101679) regarding aquaporin-4-associated antibodies for diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica and receives research support from the National MS Society, Biogen, and NIH. Sebastian A. Lopez-Chiriboga has served on advisory boards for Genentech and Horizon Therapeutics. Nabeela Nathoo reports no disclosures. Nycole K. Joseph reports no disclosures. Michelle F. Devine reports no disclosures. Jessica A. Sagen reports no disclosures. Sean J. Pittock has received personal compensation for serving as a consultant for Roche/Genentech, Sage Therapeutics, Arialys and Astellas. He has received personal compensation for serving on scientific advisory boards or data safety monitoring boards for F. Hoffman-LaRoche AG, Genentech, Arialys and UCB. His institution has received compensation for serving as a consultant for Astellas, Alexion, and Viela Bio/MedImmune. All compensation is paid to Mayo Clinic. He has received research support from Alexion, Viela Bio/MedImmune, Roche/Genentech and Adimmune. He has a patent, Patent# 8,889,102 (Application#12-678350, Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantibodies as a Marker for Neoplasia)—issued; a patent, Patent# 9,891,219B2 (Application#12-573942, Methods for Treating Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) by Administration of Eculizumab to an individual that is Aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG Autoantibody positive)-issued and from which he has received royalties and a patent for GFAP-IgG; Septin-5-IgG; MAP1B-IgG; Kelch-like protein 11; PDE10A pending. He is working as a consultant in the Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology laboratory clinical service. The Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory commercially offers MOG-IgG testing, but revenue accrued does not contribute to salary, research support, or personal income. Philippe Cabre reports no disclosures. Eoin P. Flanagan has served on advisory boards for Alexion, Genentech and Horizon Therapeutics. He has received speaker honoraria from Pharmacy Times. He received royalties from UpToDate. Dr Flanagan was a site primary investigator in a randomized clinical trial on Inebilizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder run by Medimmune/Viela-Bio/Horizon Therapeutics. Dr Flanagan has received funding from the NIH (R01NS113828). Dr Flanagan is a member of the medical advisory board of the MOG project. Dr Flanagan is an editorial board member of the Journal of the Neurological Sciences and Neuroimmunology Reports. A patent has been submitted on DACH1-IgG as a biomarker of paraneoplastic autoimmunity.
: This study has been approved by the appropriate ethics committee and have therefore has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
