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Article History

Received: 14 February 2025

Accepted: 22 April 2025

First Online: 12 June 2025

Declarations

:

: Channa Hewamadduma has received funding for consultancy on scientific or educational advisory boards for argenx, Biogen, Lupin, Roche and UCB, and has received an investigator-led research grant from UCB. His study activities were supported by a Sheffield NIHR BRC UK centre grant. He is a trustee of the myasthenia gravis patient organisation Myaware. Miriam Freimer has served as a paid Consultant for Alexion Pharmaceuticals, argenx and UCB. She receives research support from Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Avidity Biosciences, Fulcrum Therapeutics, Janssen Pharmaceuticals (now Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine), the NIH and UCB. Angela Genge has served as a paid Consultant for Alexion Pharmaceuticals, ALS Pharmaceuticals, Amicus Therapeutics, Amylyx Pharmaceuticals, Anelixis Pharmaceuticals, Annexon Biosciences, Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Atlantic Research Group, Biogen, Calico, Cytokinetics, Eli Lilly, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Medtronic, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Orion, QurAlis, Ra Pharmaceuticals (now UCB), Roche, Sanofi Genzyme (now Sanofi), UCB and Wave Life Sciences. M. Isabel Leite is funded by the NHS (Myasthenia and Related Disorders Service and National Specialised Commissioning Group for Neuromyelitis Optica, UK) and by the University of Oxford, UK. She has been awarded research grants from UK associations for patients with myasthenia and with muscular disorders (Myaware and Muscular Dystrophy UK, respectively) and the University of Oxford. She has received speaker honoraria or travel grants from Biogen, the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation, Novartis and UCB. She serves on scientific or educational advisory boards for argenx, Horizon Therapeutics (now Amgen) and UCB. Kimiaki Utsugisawa has served as a paid Consultant for argenx, Chugai Pharmaceutical, HanAll Biopharma, Janssen Pharmaceuticals (now Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine), Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, UCB and Viela Bio (now Amgen); he has received speaker honoraria from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, argenx, the Japan Blood Products Organization and UCB. Tuan Vu is the USF Site Principal Investigator for MG clinical trials sponsored by Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Amgen, argenx, Cartesian Therapeutics, COUR Pharmaceuticals, Dianthus Therapeutics, Immunovant, Johnson & Johnson, NMD Pharma, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and UCB, and has served as a speaker for Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, argenx and CSL Behring. He performed consulting work for Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, argenx, Dianthus Therapeutics, ImmunAbs and UCB. Babak Boroojerdi is an employee and shareholder of UCB. Fiona Grimson is an employee and shareholder of UCB. Natasa Savic is an employee and shareholder of UCB. Mark Vanderkelen is an employee and shareholder of UCB. James F. Howard Jr. has received research support (paid to his institution) from Ad Scientiam, Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, argenx, Cartesian Therapeutics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA, USA), the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America, the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the National Institutes of Health (including the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases), NMD Pharma, PCORI and UCB; has received honoraria/consulting fees from AcademicCME, Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Amgen, argenx, Biohaven Ltd, Biologix Pharma, CheckRare CME, Curie.Bio, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Medscape CME, Merck EMD Serono, Novartis, PeerView CME, Physicians’ Education Resource (PER) CME, PlatformQ CME, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi US, TG Therapeutics, UCB and Zai Labs; and has received non-financial support from Alexion/AstraZeneca Rare Disease, argenx, Biohaven Ltd, Toleranzia AB and UCB.

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. An institutional review board or independent ethics committee for each participating site approved the protocol. The approving institutional review boards and independent ethics committees for the RAISE-XT study have been published []. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04225871). All patients provided written informed consent to participate.

: All patients provided written informed consent to participate and could withdraw consent at any time.