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Article History

Received: 12 April 2025

Revised: 15 June 2025

Accepted: 17 June 2025

First Online: 16 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Pietro Emiliano Doneddu reports personal fees for Advisory from ArgenX, and received travel grants to attend scientific meetings from CSL Behring, and Kedrion. Giuseppe Cosentino has received travel grants to attend scientific meetings from CSL Behring, and Kedrion. Massimiliano Filosto has served on scientific advisory boards for CSL Behring, Sanofi, and Amicus, and has received travel grants from Sanofi, Biogen, Kedrion, and CSL Behring to attend scientific meeting. Anna Mazzeo has received travel grants from Kedrion, and CSL Behring to attend scientific meeting. Maurizio Inghilleri has received travel grants to attend scientific meetings from CSL Behring, ArgenX, and Alexion. Federica Moret has received travel grants to attend scientific meetings from CSL Behring, ArgenX, and Alexion. Eduardo Nobile-Orazio reports personal fees for Advisory or Scientific Board from ArgenX – Belgium, Takeda – Italy and USA, CSL-Behring—Italy and USA, Janssen – USA, Kedrion – Italy, LFB – France, Roche– Switzerland, Sanofi—USA. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of each participating center and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.