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Article History

Received: 28 May 2025

Revised: 3 September 2025

Accepted: 12 September 2025

First Online: 5 November 2025

Declarations

:

: In the last three years: EM has received funding for travel and congress expenses and honoraria for lectures from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Jansen, Merck and Roche. LB has received funding for travel and congress expenses and honoraria for lectures from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis and Roche. LRP has received funding for travel and congress expenses and honoraria for lectures from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Neuraxpharm, Novartis and Roche. IL has received funding for travel and congress expenses from Biogen, Merck, Neuraxpharm, Novartis and Roche. PAP has received funding for travel and congress expenses from Amgen, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche and Sanofi. AMV has received honoraria or funding for travel and congress expenses from Abbvie, Almirall, Bial, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squib, Chiesi, Janssen, Kern Pharma, Lilly, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, Novartis, Merck, Roche, Sanofi, Teva and UCB. AMY has received support for congress attendance from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche and Sandoz. SMY has received support for congress attendance from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck, Neuraxpharm, Novartis, Roche and Sandoz. The institution where the authors work (Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge/Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), has received in the last three years and dedicated exclusively to support the research of the Unit, fees for advisory council, collaborations, donations and advice from Almirall, Amgen/Horizon, Bayer, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Genzyme, Janssen, Kern Pharma, Lilly, Merck, Pfizer, Neuraxpharm, Novartis, Roche, Sandoz and Sanofi.

: This study was approved by the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Research Ethics Committee. The patients signed informed consent forms for research.