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Article History

Received: 10 September 2025

Revised: 1 October 2025

Accepted: 5 October 2025

First Online: 14 October 2025

Declarations

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: C.W. received compensation for travel expenses from ITF Pharma GmbH outside of the submitted work. O.S.-K. received academic research support from the Hannover Medical School (MHH) Young Faculty Program, 2018–2020, the “Ellen-Schmidt-Program—Habilitationsfoerderung fuer Wissenschaftlerinnen”, MHH (2021), and the German Neuromuscular Society “Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Muskelkranke” (DGM e.V.), 2019–2021 (grant no. Sc 23/1); and received honoraria as a speaker/consultant and/or funding for travel expenses from the German Neuromuscular Society “Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Muskelkranke (DGM e.V.), Biogen GmbH, Biermann Verlag GmbH, and MK + S—Medizin, Kommunikation and Service GmbH, outside the submitted work. A.H. has received honoraria as a speaker/consultant from Alexion, BMS, Galapagos, Kyverna, Medscape, Merck Serono, Neuraxpharm, Roche, Sandos, Sanofi outside of the submitted work. S.P. has received speaker fees, non-financial support and research support from Biogen, Roche, AL-S Pharma, Amylyx, Cytokinetics, Ferrer, ITF Pharma, and Sanofi and served on advisory boards of Amylyx, Biogen, Roche, Zambon and ITF Pharma outside of the submitted work. B.B. received compensation for travel expenses from ITF Pharma GmbH, the German Neuromuscular Society “Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Muskelkranke (DGM e.V.) and German Society for Clinical Neurophysiology and Functional Imaging (“Deutsche Gesellschaft für Klinische Neurophysiologie und Funktionelle Bildgebung”—DGKN e.V.) and served on advisory boards of Roche all outside of the submitted work. A.O., S.D.S., and K.B. declare that they have no conflict of interest.