Cabras, Sara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4988-2855
Manera, Umberto
Di Pede, Francesca
Zocco, Grazia
Vasta, Rosario
Novara, Andrea
Minerva, Emilio
Matteoni, Enrico
De Mattei, Filippo
Pellegrino, Giorgio
Grassano, Maurizio
Iazzolino, Barbara
Palumbo, Francesca
Callegaro, Stefano
Polverari, Giulia
Morbelli, Silvia Daniela
Pardini, Matteo
Chiaravalloti, Agostino
Schillaci, Orazio
Leenders, Klaus Leonard
Kogan, Rosalie Vered
Moglia, Cristina
Calvo, Andrea
Chiò, Adriano
Pagani, Marco
Canosa, Antonio
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (PRIN 2017SNW5MB)
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (20228N7573)
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (JPND (Strength)
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (ALS-Care)
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (Brain-Mend))
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (Department of Excellence grant)
Seventh Framework Programme (259867)
Horizon 2020 (101017598)
Fondation Thierry Latran (INSPIRED)
A.S.D. Polisportiva U.I.C.I Torino Onlus
Università degli Studi di Torino
Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Revised: 17 October 2025
Accepted: 2 November 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Adriano Chiò serves on Scientific Advisory Boards or Speakers Bureaus for Mitsubishi Tanabe, Biogen, Roche, Denali Pharma, Cytokinetics, Lilly, Ferrer, Zambon Biotech, PCT Therapeutics, and Amylyx Pharmaceuticals. He serves as a member of the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee for ABScience, Corcept, and Ely Lilly. He received a research grant from Biogen. Silvia Daniela Morbelli received speaking honoraria from GE Healthare and Eli-Lilly. Matteo Pardini received speaking honoraria from Nutricia, Eisai, and Eli-Lilly. Andrea Calvo received a research grant from Cytokinetics.
: The study was approved by the ethical committee ‘Comitato Etico Interaziendale Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino.’ The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Participants signed a written informed consent. They did not receive any remuneration for participation. Data were anonymised according to the European regulations for the protection of privacy.