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Authors
Leeuwenberg, Kristofoor E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2204-308X
van Alfen, Nens https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7839-8125
van de Warrenburg, Bart P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-1616
Maas, Roderick P. P. W. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-1287
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
SIMPATHIC (101080249)
National Ataxia Foundation
Ataxia UK
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Article History
Received: 26 October 2025
Revised: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: K.E.L. is funded exclusively by the SIMPATHIC project and declares no additional financial disclosures. N.v.A. works as an ultrasound instructor for Sonoskills and performs editorial duties for Wiley Publishing; all payment goes to their employer. B.P.v.d.W. is supported by research grants from the Dutch Scientific Organization, ZonMw, Hersenstichting, FARA, Christina Foundation, and Servier; has served on scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Biohaven, and Vico Therapeutics; and receives royalties from BSL/Springer Nature. R.P.P.W.M.M. receives research funding from the National Ataxia Foundation, Ataxia UK, Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Alliance, and Stichting Friedreich Ataxie Nederland.
: The study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) Oost-Nederland. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
