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Authors
Contaldi, Elena
Bonomi, Alice
Calandrella, Daniela
Sacilotto, Giorgio
Zini, Michela
Del Sorbo, Francesca
Soliveri, Paola
Zecchinelli, Anna
Isaias, Ioannis U.
Pezzoli, Gianni
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Revised: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
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: IUI received lecture honoraria and research funding from Medtronic Inc. and Boston Scientific. IUI is a Newronika S.p.A. consultant and shareholder and received funding for research activities from Newronika S.p.A. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Study procedures were approved by the local Ethics Committee (Comitato Etico Territoriale Lombardia 3, protocol 3499/23), and this research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. All participants gave their written informed consent.
