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Article History

Received: 23 September 2025

Revised: 2 December 2025

Accepted: 29 December 2025

First Online: 28 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or legal guardians included in the study. Written informed consent for publication of their clinical details and/or clinical images was obtained from the patient/parent/guardian/relative of the patient. A copy of the consent form is available for review by the Editor of this journal.

: All patients’ parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent for all evaluations—including HSCT—and for the use of anonymized clinical data in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. As this was a retrospective study of existing anonymized data, formal ethics committee approval was not required under applicable institutional guidelines.