Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (1K23EY025729 - 01)
National Eye Institute (2K12EY015398-11A1)
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania (2P30EYEY001583)
Research to Prevent Blindness (N/A)
Paul MacKall and Evanina Bell MacKall Trust (N/A)
Article History
Received: 30 January 2019
Revised: 12 May 2019
Accepted: 14 May 2019
First Online: 31 May 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All analyses performed in this study involving data from humans were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was deemed exempted from IRB review by the University of Pennsylvania Institutional Review Board due to the deidentified nature of the data used within the study. The need for informed consent was also waived by the University of Pennsylvania IRB again due to the deidentified nature of the data used.
: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. None of the organizations had any role in the design or conduction of the study.