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Article History

Received: 2 June 2023

Revised: 29 July 2023

Accepted: 2 August 2023

First Online: 15 August 2023

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the China Medical University Hospital Research Ethics Committee (CMUH110-REC3-133) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Owing to the retrospective design of the study and the use of deidentified patient information, the review board waived the need for written informed consent.

: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest, or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.