Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 April 2023

Revised: 19 July 2023

Accepted: 27 August 2023

First Online: 6 September 2023

Declarations

:

: This study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Ethical Review Board: the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. The approval number is QEKY2021-03.

: All patients in the study received informed consent before using their clinical data.

: The authors declare no competing interests. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.