Article History
Received: 31 August 2023
Revised: 20 January 2024
Accepted: 2 February 2024
First Online: 27 February 2024
Declarations
:
: The procedures used conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and were approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Tokyo Women’s Medical University.
: Maruko I. received grants from JSPS KAKENHI (grant number JP 20K09781) and lecturing and travel fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Japan Alcon, Santen, Senju Pharmaceutical, Topcon, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Canon, Nidek, and Nikon. He holds a patent.Maruko R. received lecturing and travel fees from Kyowa Kirin.Kawano T. has no conflict of interest.Iida T. received grants from Nidek, Topcon, Santen, Novartis Pharma, Senju Pharmaceutical, Japan Alcon, HOYA, and AMO; consultant fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Japan Beringer Ingelheim, and Janssen Pharma; and received lecturing and travel fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Japan Alcon, Santen, Senju Pharmaceutical, Topcon, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Canon, Nidek, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Nikon, and Kyowa Kirin. He holds a patent.