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Article History

Received: 25 December 2023

Revised: 18 May 2024

Accepted: 27 May 2024

First Online: 14 August 2024

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Committee of Pekig Union Medical College Hospital and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.