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Authors
Akagi, Ayumu
Narimoto, Kaito
Ueda, Kanta
Koizumi, Noriko
Okumura, Naoki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-5263
Tanito, Masaki
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Doshisha University (Individual research grant, Individual research grant)
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Article History
Received: 27 January 2025
Revised: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 2 August 2025
Declarations
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: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
: This study involved research with human participants only. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Medical Research Ethics Committee, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine (Approval No. 5392), and the Doshisha University Research Ethics Committee (Approval No. 20044), and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committees. The study protocol was disclosed at the participating institutions to inform potential participants of their right to opt out.
