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Article History

Received: 27 May 2025

Revised: 28 November 2025

Accepted: 10 December 2025

First Online: 7 January 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Watany Research and Development Center (WRDC) Ethics Committee.

: The need for patient consent was waived by the ethical committee owing to the retrospective non-invasive nature of the study.

: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.